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Everything about Nationality Law totally explained

Nationality law is the branch of a country's legal system wherein legislation, custom and court precedent combine to define the ways in which that country's nationality and citizenship are transmitted, acquired or lost. Nationality law is often discussed or studied along with immigration law (for those immigrant-receiving countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand) and with refugee or asylum law.

Common principles

Nationality laws in Continental Europe are mostly based upon the Napoleonic Code which established that for purposes of nationality, that of the father was primary. For many years, therefore, in Europe and in former European colonies, women couldn't transmit their nationality to their children born in wedlock (those children born outside of marriage could often acquire their mother's nationality as there were provisions so that no child would be stateless). Many of these laws have since been changed, with the Arab states being an exception. In many Arab states, women married to foreigners can't transmit their nationality to their children. (External Link) Many countries also have provisions stating that native-born children of accredited foreign diplomatic staff/officers don't acquire that nationality.
   Article 15 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states:
» # Everyone has the right to a nationality.


   # No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.
   Today, nationality law is based either on jus soli or jus sanguinis, or on a combination of the two. Jus soli is the principle in which a child born in a country's territorial jurisdiction acquires that country's nationality (Ex: United States, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, France [includingin its overseas dependencies]). In jus sanguinis, either the father or mother must normally be a citizen of the country in question in order for the child to be a citizen (for example Israel, Switzerland).

Nationality issues in post-colonial context

Often in post-colonial situations, sorting out the nationalities of settlers, colonists and subjects was difficult and often a highly politically-charged process, particularly in the United Kingdom and in so-called settler colonies of Africa, such as South Africa, Rhodesia (now called Zimbabwe), Uganda and Hong Kong. For example see History of British nationality law

Examples of nationality law (Citizenship) in specific countries

Europe

EUROPEAN UNION
  • Dutch nationality law
  • Finnish nationality law
  • French nationality law
  • German nationality law
  • Greek nationality law
  • Hungarian nationality law
  • Irish nationality law
  • Italian nationality law

  • Latvian nationality law
  • Lithuanian nationality law
  • Luxembourgian nationality law
  • Maltese nationality law
  • Polish nationality law
  • Portuguese nationality law
  • Romanian nationality law
  • Slovak nationality law

  • Slovenian nationality law
  • Spanish nationality law
  • Swedish nationality law
  • Citizenship of the European Union
  • NON EUROPEAN UNION
  • Albanian nationality law
  • Belarusian citizenship
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina nationality law
  • Croatian nationality law
  • Icelandic nationality law
  • Republic of Macedonia nationality law
  • Moldovan nationality law

  • Montenegrin nationality law
  • Norwegian nationality law
  • Russian nationality law
  • Serbian citizenship
  • Swiss nationality law
  • Ukrainian nationlaity law
  • Africa

  • Egyptian Nationality Law
  • Liberian nationality law
  • Moroccan nationality law
  • South African nationality law

    Americas

  • Argentine nationality law
  • Barbados nationality law
  • Brazilian nationality law
  • Canadian nationality law
  • Chilean nationality law
  • Mexican nationality law
  • Paraguayan nationality law
  • Peruvian nationality law
  • United States nationality law

    Asia & the Middle East

  • Chinese nationality law
  • Indian nationality law
  • Israeli nationality law
  • Japanese nationality law
  • Kazakhstani nationality law
  • Malaysian citizenship
  • Nepal citizenship law
  • Philippine nationality law
  • Republic of China‎ nationality law (Taiwan)
  • Singaporean nationality law
  • South Korean nationality law
  • Turkish nationality law

    Oceania

  • Australian nationality law
  • New Zealand nationality law
  • Samoan nationality law
  • Tongan nationality law

    Other

  • Naturalized TRNC citizens in the Turkish Republic of Northern CyprusFurther Information

    Get more info on 'Nationality Law'.


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